All Things You Need To Know About Macular Degeneration

Macular Degeneration is a common eye disorder that can lead to central vision loss. Central vision refers to the sight received when looking straight ahead. The Peripheral vision includes the sensation we receive on the sides when looking in a straight direction. This condition does not lead to complete blindness as it does not affect the peripheral vision. Macula, a small part of the retina, deteriorates and causes this disease.

Types

This disorder is classified into two types. It can be either dry or wet. In the case of dry macular degeneration, small yellow deposits start to develop below the macula leading to vision loss and retinal damage. On the other hand, the wet macular degeneration, a lesser prevailing type, can be seen when the macula and retina start developing abnormal blood vessels. People usually start seeing a dark spot in their vision as a result of leaking fluid or bleeding.

Symptoms

This condition is known to be progressive in nature. Therefore, it can worsen with time if not treated. The patient may not observe any changes in the early stages. It is even less likely when both the eyes are affected.

Some of the symptoms of dry muscular degeneration include:

* Trouble recognising faces

* Blurriness

* Difficult to adapt to low lights

* Need brighter lighting

* Central vision reduces

* Distortion observed in straight lines present in the field of vision

The symptoms of the wet type are similar, but the patient might also complain about:

* Hazy vision

* Blurry spot present in the field of vision

* Rapidly worsening symptoms

This disorder doesn’t cause total blindness as the peripheral vision is not affected.

Risk Factors

Some conditions increase the chances of developing this condition. Some of these risk factors are:

* Suffering from a cardiovascular disease

* Being overweight

* Smoking

* A family history of dry or wet macular degeneration

* Being Caucasian

* Being more than 65 years of age

Treatment

No cure has been found for this condition. To slow down the progression, certain options are recommended.

In case of the dry type, the doctor might refer a low vision rehabilitation specialist. The specialist will be teaching the patient different ways of coping and adjusting with vision loss. Opting for surgery can also help in improving the vision. Implanting a telescopic lens would also help in magnifying the field of vision.

The wet type will also require the assistance of a low vision rehabilitation specialist. Medications in curb new blood vessels from growing might also be administered, but the results will take more than weeks to show up. Many doctors also recommend the photodynamic therapy. In this process, medication is injected into the arm to use the laser for closing up the leaks. Photocoagulation therapy is another possibility.

There is no definite way to prevent this condition. But, by maintaining a healthy diet, healthy weight, engaging in exercise, and quitting smoking, one can significantly lower the chances of developing this condition.