This is a really interesting history lesson:
History of Africa from the 16th to the 20th Century
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsBiDfoPaEw
This is not a part of history that is well known. It is incredibly convoluted & definitely not as one-sided and simplistic as "anti-colonialists" believe.
One of the most important lessons: the British understood very quickly that colonies were extremely expensive and that it was far better to organize trade than to rule over people.